The colors of an element are specified in the Colors properties of the element properties. There you can select either a predefined style color from the selection list or a color in the color dialog.
The Colorvariables element property is used for the color animation of the element. If you pass variables to the properties, then you can program color changes in the application code or configure a user input that results in a color change. A color constant or color variable in the code has the data type DWORD and is encoded according to the RGB color space or RGBA extension.
Color definition in RGBA color space
Notice
The Activate semi-transparent drawing option is provided in the Visualization Manager. This option is enabled by default so that the Transparency property is available for all color definitions. With programmatic color definition, the leading byte is interpreted as an alpha channel and therefore used as the transparency value of the color. When the option is cleared, the Transparency property is not available and the leading byte is ignored in color literals.
Color information in the code is specified as DWORD literals. The value is in the RGBA color space and is usually shown as a hexadecimal number. The value is coded with additive portions of red, green, and blue. It is appended with the alpha channel which determines the transparency of the color.
Byte order of a color literal
16#<TT><RR><GG><BB>
<TT> : 00 - FF // Transparency in 256 levels
<RR> : 00 - FF // Red in 256 levels
<GG> : 00 - FF // Green in 256 levels
<BB> : 00 - FF // Blue in 256 levels
The graduation value for transparency is 16#FF for opaque and 16#00 for transparent. For each color portion, one byte is reserved for 256 color graduations 16#FF to 16#00. 16#FF means 100% color portion and 16#00 means 0% color portion.
|
<TT> |
Byte for the transparent graduation of 00-FF |
|
<RR> |
Byte for the red portion of 00-FF |
|
<GG> |
Byte for the green portion of 00-FF |
|
<BB> |
Byte for the blue portion of 00-FF |
Example
|
16#FF0000FF |
Blue, opaque |
|
16#FF00FF00 |
Green, opaque |
|
16#FFFFFF00 |
Yellow. opaque |
|
16#88888888 |
Gray, semitransparent |
|
16#88000000 |
Black, semitransparent |
|
16#FFFF0000 |
Red, opaque |
Example
Global declaration of color constants
VAR_GLOBAL CONSTANT
c_dwBLUE : DWORD := 16#FF0000FF; // Highly opaque
c_dwGREEN : DWORD := 16#FF00FF00; // Highly opaque
c_dwYELLOW : DWORD := 16#FFFFFF00; // Highly opaque
c_dwGREY : DWORD :=16#88888888; // Semitransparent
c_dwBLACK : DWORD := 16#88000000; // Semitransparent
c_dwRED: DWORD := 16#FFFF0000; // Highly opaque
END_VAR
Animating a visualization element in color
Create a standard project in CODESYS.
Declare global color constants in the POU tree.
⇒
{attribute 'qualified_only'}
VAR_GLOBAL CONSTANT
gc_dwRed : DWORD := 16#FFFF0000;
gc_dwGreen: DWORD := 16#FF00FF00;
gc_dwYellow: DWORD := 16#FFFFFF00;
gc_dwBlue: DWORD := 16#FF0000FF; // Highly opaque
gc_dwBlack : DWORD := 16#88000000; // Semitransparent
END_VAR
In the device tree, declare local color variables in PLC_PRG.
⇒
VAR
dwFillColor: DWORD := GVL.gc_dwGreen;
dwFrameColor : DWORD := GVL.gc_dwBlack;
dwAlarmColor : DWORD := GVL.gc_dwRed;
END_VAR
Declare a control variable.
⇒
bChangeColor : BOOL;
Declare an input variable in PLC_PRG.
⇒
bInput : BOOL;
Enable the visualization editor.
Drag a Rectangle element to the visualization editor.
⇒ The Properties view of the element opens.
Configure the properties of the rectangle as follows:
Property Colorvariables, Normal state, Filling color: PLC_PRG.dwFillColor
Property Colorvariables, Normal state, Frame color: PLC_PRG.dwFrameColor
Property Colorvariables, Alarm state, Filling color: PLC_PRG.dwAlarmColor
Property Colorvariables, Toggle color: <toggle/tap variable>
Property Inputconfiguration, Toggle, Variable: PLC_PRG.bInput
Program the variables as follows:
PROGRAM PLC_PRG
VAR
dwFillColor: DWORD := GVL.gc_dwGreen;
dwFrameColor : DWORD := GVL.gc_dwBlack;
dwAlarmColor : DWORD := GVL.gc_dwRed;
bChangeColor : BOOL;
bInput : BOOL;
END_VAR
IF bChangeColor = TRUE THEN
dwFillColor := GVL.gc_dwYellow;
dwFrameColor := GVL.gc_dwBlue;
ELSE
dwFillColor:= GVL.gc_dwGreen;
dwFrameColor := GVL.gc_dwBlack;
END_IF
⇒ The colors are initialized at runtime. If the variable bChangeColor is then forced to TRUE, the color display of the rectangle changes. When the rectangle is clicked in the visualization, the rectangle is displayed in alarm colors.
