Glossary

A

analog input

Converts received voltage or current levels into numerical values. You can store and process these values within the logic controller.

analog output

Converts numerical values within the logic controller and sends out proportional voltage or current levels.

application

A program including configuration data, symbols, and documentation.

AWG

(American wire gauge) The standard that specifies wire section sizes in North America.

B

bus base

A mounting device that is designed to seat an electronic module on a DIN rail and connect it to the TM5 bus for M258 and LMC058 logic controllers. Each base bus extends the integrated TM5 data and electronic power buses as well as the 24 Vdc I/O power segment. The electronic modules are added to the TM5 system through their insertion on the base bus.

B coded

Connectors that have 1 raised key on the female connector and 1 mating slot on the male connector. These connectors (also called reverse keyed) are used for fieldbus applications.

C

CAN

(controller area network) A protocol (ISO 11898) for serial bus networks, designed for the intercon­nection of smart devices (from multiple manufacturers) in smart systems and for real-time industrial applications. Originally developed for use in automobiles, CAN is now used in a variety of industrial automation control environments.

CANopen

An open industry-standard communication protocol and device profile specification (EN 50325-4).

compact I/O module

An inseparable group of 5 analog and/or digital I/O electronic modules in a single reference.

configuration

The arrangement and interconnection of hardware components within a system and the hardware and software parameters that determine the operating characteristics of the system.

control network

A network containing logic controllers, SCADA systems, PCs, HMI, switches, ...

Two kinds of topologies are supported:

oflat: all modules and devices in this network belong to same subnet.

o2 levels: the network is split into an operation network and an inter-controller network.

These two networks can be physically independent, but are generally linked by a routing device.

controller

Automates industrial processes (also known as programmable logic controller or programmable controller).

CPDM

(controller power distribution module) The connection of the controller to the external 24 Vdc power supplies and the beginning of the power distribution for the local configuration.

CSA

(Canadian standards association) The Canadian standard for industrial electronic equipment in hazardous environments.

D

derating

A reduction in an operating specification. For devices in general, it is usually a specified reduction in nominal power to facilitate operation at increased ambient conditions like higher temperatures or higher altitudes.

digital I/O

(digital input/output) An individual circuit connection at the electronic module that corresponds directly to a data table bit. The data table bit holds the value of the signal at the I/O circuit. It gives the control logic digital access to I/O values.

DIN

(Deutsches Institut für Normung) A German institution that sets engineering and dimensional standards.

drop cable

The unterminated derivation cord used to connect a TAP to a device.

E

EcoStruxure Machine Expert

A comprehensive controller development system software tool for configuring and programming the Modicon logic controller and devices compliant with IEC 61131-3.

EIA

(electronic industries alliance) The trade organization for establishing electrical/electronic and data communication standards (including RS-232 and RS-485) in the United States.

electronic module

In a programmable controller system, most electronic modules directly interface to the sensors, actuators, and external devices of the machine/process. This electronic module is the component that mounts in a bus base and provides electrical connections between the controller and the field devices. Electronic modules are offered in a variety of signal levels and capacities. (Some electronic modules are not I/O interfaces, including power distribution modules and transmitter/receiver modules.)

element

The short name of the ARRAY element.

EN

EN identifies one of many European standards maintained by CEN (European Committee for Standardization), CENELEC (European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization), or ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute).

encoder

A device for length or angular measurement (linear or rotary encoders).

equipment

A part of a machine including sub-assemblies such as conveyors, turntables, and so on.

Ethernet

A physical and data link layer technology for LANs, also known as IEEE 802.3.

expansion bus

An electronic communication bus between expansion I/O modules and a controller or bus coupler.

expansion I/O module

(expansion input/output module) Either a digital or analog module that adds additional I/O to the base controller.

F

FAST I/O

FAST input/output Specific I/O modules with some electrical features (for example, response time) while the treatment of these channels are done directly by the controller

FE

(functional Earth) A common grounding connection to enhance or otherwise allow normal operation of electrically sensitive equipment (also referred to as functional ground in North America).

In contrast to a protective Earth (protective ground), a functional earth connection serves a purpose other than shock protection, and may normally carry current. Examples of devices that use functional earth connections include surge suppressors and electromagnetic interference filters, certain antennas, and measurement instruments.

firmware

Represents the BIOS, data parameters, and programming instructions that constitute the operating system on a controller. The firmware is stored in non-volatile memory within the controller.

function

A programming unit that has 1 input and returns 1 immediate result. However, unlike FBs, it is directly called with its name (as opposed to through an instance), has no persistent state from one call to the next and can be used as an operand in other programming expressions.

Examples: boolean (AND) operators, calculations, conversions (BYTE_TO_INT)

H

hex

(hexadecimal)

hot swapping

The replacement of a component with a like component while the system remains under power and operational. The replacement component begins to function automatically after it is installed.

HSC

(high-speed counter) A function that counts pulses on the controller or on expansion module inputs.

I

I/O

(input/output)

ID

(identifier/identification)

IEC

(international electrotechnical commission) A non-profit and non-governmental international standards organization that prepares and publishes international standards for electrical, electronic, and related technologies.

input/output

The index of the ARRAY.

IP 20

(ingress protection) The protection classification according to IEC 60529 offered by an enclosure, shown by the letter IP and 2 digits. The first digit indicates 2 factors: helping protect persons and for equipment. The second digit indicates helping protect against water. IP 20 devices help protect against electric contact of objects larger than 12.5 mm, but not against water.

IP 67

(ingress protection) The protection classification according to IEC 60529. IP 67 modules are protected against ingress of dust, contact, and water up to an immersion depth of 1 m.

L

LED

(light emitting diode) An indicator that illuminates under a low-level electrical charge.

M

Modbus

The protocol that allows communications between many devices connected to the same network.

ms

(millisecond)

N

network

A system of interconnected devices that share a common data path and protocol for communications.

P

PCI

(peripheral component interconnect) An industry-standard bus for attaching peripherals.

PDM

(power distribution module) A module that distributes either AC or DC field power to a cluster of I/O modules.

PE

(Protective Earth) A common grounding connection to help avoid the hazard of electric shock by keeping any exposed conductive surface of a device at earth potential. To avoid possible voltage drop, no current is allowed to flow in this conductor (also referred to as protective ground in North America or as an equipment grounding conductor in the US national electrical code).

Profibus DP

(Profibus decentralized peripheral) An open bus system uses an electrical network based on a shielded 2-wire line or an optical network based on a fiber-optic cable. DP transmission allows for high-speed, cyclic exchange of data between the controller CPU and the distributed I/O devices.

PWM

(pulse width modulation) A fast output that oscillates between off and on in an adjustable duty cycle, producing a rectangular wave form (though you can adjust it to produce a square wave).

R

RS-232

A standard type of serial communication bus, based on 3 wires (also known as EIA RS-232C or V.24).

RS-485

A standard type of serial communication bus, based on 2 wires (also known as EIA RS-485).

run

A command that causes the controller to scan the application program, read the physical inputs, and write to the physical outputs according to solution of the logic of the program.

S

Sercos

(serial real-time communications system) A digital control bus that interconnects, motion controls, drives, I/Os, sensors, and actuators for numerically controlled machines and systems. It is a standardized and open controller-to-intelligent digital device interface, designed for high-speed serial communication of standardized closed-loop real-time data.

sink input

A wiring arrangement in which the device provides current to the input electronic module. A sink input is referenced to 0 Vdc.

source output

A wiring arrangement in which the output electronic module provides current to the device. A source output is referenced to +24 Vdc.

T

terminal block

(terminal block) The component that mounts in an electronic module and provides electrical connections between the controller and the field devices.

U

UL

(underwriters laboratories) A US organization for product testing and safety certification.